BIO 100 Biological Science

This course explores the following aspects of biology: the organization of life, the development of living organisms, the transmission of traits, evolution, behavior and ecology. This course is intended for the non-science major. It should not be taken in conjunction with BIO 110 or BIO 111. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Analyze the characteristics of life as currently understood on terra firma.
• Relate the life characteristics to the simplest level of existence: the single cell.
• Describe various patterns of reproduction among plants and animals.
• Evaluate various techniques of pollution control.
• Explain the mechanism by which traits are transmitted from parent to offspring.
• Summarize the causes and effects of various types of mutations.
• Trace the history of the modern concept of evolution.
• Survey the system of classification of plants and animals.
• Interpret behavior as an illustration of the modern concept of evolution.
• Relate the sources and the effects of pollutants to the quality of the environment.
• Demonstrate an understanding of laboratory experiments as they relate to the biological concepts presented in the above competencies.
• Formulate applications of biological concepts to one's lifestyle and/or interests through integration activities.

Prerequisite: Developmental Reading and Study Skills (REA 050) or satisfactory score on reading placement test.

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 110 Introductory Biology I

Introductory Biology I, as its major objective, conveys an understanding of the nature and maintenance of living things. The following course competencies are designed to attain that objective. Dissection is required. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Discuss the criteria used to describe living systems and to explain the current theories on the origin of life.
• Describe a cell, its parts and how they function.
• Explain how green plant structure has adapted to convert solar energy to the usable, chemical bond energy trapped in carbohydrates.
• Describe the basic macromolecules that organisms use to meet their nutritional requirements, and how they are synthesized and degraded.
• Describe the digestive systems and processes that are necessary to extract energy from food molecules.
• List the parts of the transportation systems of both plants and animals (especially vascular plants and higher vertebrates) and explain how they function to maintain each other.
• Demonstrate how the parts of an organism's respiratory system help to maintain that organism.
• Explain how the parts of a cell involved in respiration function to extract energy from food molecules.
• Compare the systems plants and animals use to rid themselves of metabolic waste products.

Prerequisite: Basic Mathematics (MAT 040) or satisfactory score on the math placement test. Developmental Reading and Study Skills (REA 050) or satisfactory score on reading placement test.

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 111 Introductory Biology II

Introductory Biology II includes selected topics in biology covering plant and animal behavior, reproductive patterns in plants and animals, genetics, evolution and ecology. Dissection is required. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Analyze plant and animal behavior.
• Describe the parts and functions of the skeletal, muscular and integumentary systems.
• Describe several types of nervous systems.
• Explain asexual and sexual reproductive patterns in plants and animals, including development.
• Describe Mendelian genetics.
• Describe molecular genetics.
• Discuss the theory of evolution.

Prerequisite: Introductory Biology I (BIO 110).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 117 Human Anatomy

The microscopic and macroscopic study of the human body. The laboratory includes a study of the gross and histologic structures of certain vertebrates, with emphasis on the cat. Dissection is required. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Describe the anatomical parts of the body as a whole.
• Discuss the structure of the body using the systematic approach: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive and endocrine systems.

This course is designed for students in the allied health fields.

Prerequisite: Basic Mathematics (MAT 040) or satisfactory score on the math placement test. Developmental Reading and Study Skills (REA 050) or satisfactory score on reading placement test.

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 118 Human Physiology

The study of the functions of the human body. Emphasis is placed on the interaction of the organ systems in the maintenance of body homeostasis. The lab will center around experiments on living vertebrates. Upon satisfactory completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Apply the learned chemical concepts to the study of physiology.
• Analyze the structural and functional aspects of a cell and its interactions with the environment.
• Describe the ultrastructure of skeletal muscle and the mechanism of muscular contraction.
• Analyze the mechanism responsible for the nerve impulse, the role of the autonomic nervous system in the maintenance of homeostasis and the perception of sensation.
• Demonstrate an understanding of cardiovascular physiology.
• Demonstrate an understanding of pulmonary physiology.
• Analyze the physiological changes that occur in the gastrointestinal tract during the digestion of nutrients.
• Analyze how the urinary organs function in the removal of cellular waste products from the blood and transport these wastes from the body.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the role of fluids, the movement of ions and acid-base balance in maintaining homeostasis of the body.
• Relate hormonal regulation to the physiology of the male and female reproductive organs.

This course is designed for students in the allied health fields.

Prerequisite: Human Anatomy (BIO 117).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 200 General Zoology

A survey of the major invertebrate and vertebrate phyla including evolution within, biological contributions, basic structure, physiology and behavior of representatives of each subgroup. Dissection is required. This course is designed for science majors who, upon successful completion, should be able to:

• Independently prepare a research project using scientific literature.
• Trace the development of life on the earth from the primitive atmosphere components through the initial heterotrophs.
• Describe the taxa, behavior, biological contributions, characteristic system and evolution in the unicellular invertebrates.
• Describe the taxa, behavior, biological contributions, characteristic systems and evolution in the higher metazoans excluding insects (Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda).
• Describe the taxa, behavior, biological contributions, characteristic systems and evolution in the class Insecta. In addition, explain why these are considered the most successful form of animal life.
• Describe the characteristics, evolution and taxonomical subdivisions of the Chordates.
• Explain the characteristics, taxonomy and organ systems of several vertebrate classes.
• Describe the evolution within the vertebrates using fossil history, comparative behavior and anatomy.
• Work independently in the laboratory by performing routine dissections and behavioral studies.
• Develop a lab notebook.
• Develop an extensive scientific vocabulary.

Prerequisite: Biological Science (BIO 100) or Introductory Biology II (BIO 111).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 205 Human Genetics

This course is designed for the non-major and is a survey in genetics with special emphasis on the inheritability of human physical, metabolic and psychological traits. The interrelationships between genetics and evolution will be an underlying theme. The lab centers around the physical inheritance. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Comprehend the impact of human genetics on the quality of life in our society.
• Understand what a gene is and how it functions.
• Describe the male and female reproductive system and appreciate that they are the vehicle through which genes propagate themselves.
• Explain the field of genetic counseling.
• Describe various patterns of inheritance.
• Explain the causes of genetic abnormalities and their treatment.
• Evaluate the interrelation between genetics and behavior.
• Analyze the effects of environment and inheritance on both I.Q. and intelligence.
• Explain how genetics and selection are tools used in the evolution of life on the earth.
• Describe the various areas encompassed by the "New Genetics" and appreciate the implications of our decisions on 21st century society.

Prerequisite: Biological Science (BIO 100) or Introductory Biology II (BIO 111).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 210 General Botany

A study of the major plant divisions with an emphasis on basic structure, function, reproduction patterns, biological contributions, development and evolutionary relationships within each subgroup. Emphasis will be placed on the seed plants. Dissection is required. This course is designed for science majors who, upon its successful completion, should be able to:

• Discuss the plant body and its modifications in the angiosperms.
• Discuss the anatomical structure, origin, location and function of plant tissues in the angiosperms.
• Explain the patterns of vegetative reproduction found in the angiosperms.
• Describe flower, fruit and seed production in the angiosperms.
• Describe the classification, characteristic life cycles and biological contributions in the thallophytes with chlorophyll (clorophyta, cyanophyta, chrysophyta, pyrrhophytra, phaeophyta).
• Describe the classifications, characteristic life cycles and biological contributions in the thallophytes without chlorophyll (eumycota).
• Describe the characteristics, taxonomy, alteration of generations and evolution in the mosses, club mosses, horsetails and ferns.
• Describe the classification, characteristic life cycles and biological contribution in the gymnosperms.
• Work independently in the laboratory by performing observations, drawings and dissections.

Prerequisites: Biological Science (BIO 100) or Introductory Biology II (BIO 111).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits

BIO 220 Nutrition and Well-Being

This course explores the principles of nutrition and their application to the establishment and maintenance of a person's well-being throughout his/her life. The course includes such concepts as dietary requirements, nutrient composition, food resources, metabolic processes, food additives, nutritional analysis and global considerations. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Analyze the nutrient requirements for a healthy, balanced nutrition style.
• Perform and interpret a computerized nutritional analysis.
• Relate basic nutrients to various established dietary guidelines.
• Interpret the effects of nutrient deficiencies and megadoses.
• Relate nutrient resources to world hunger.
• Describe the effect of the metabolic pathway on nutrient composition.

Prerequisite: Biological Science (BIO 100) or Introductory Biology I (BIO 110), or
Human Anatomy (BIO 117).

3 hours each week 3 credits

BIO 230 Microbiology

Microbiology examines the biology of microorganisms and their significance to human existence. Cellular immunology structures, metabolic pathways and life strategies will be studied. The roles of microorganisms in disease, genetic engineering and the environment will be covered. This course is designed for students in the Science for the Health Professions and Natural Science curricula. Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:

• Examine the evolutionary relationships between microorganisms and macroorganisms.
• Describe the cellular biology of single-celled organisms.
• Analyze the impact of microorganisms on humans.
• Analyze the life strategies of various bacterial cells.
• Apply the standard techniques for the study of microorganisms in the laboratory.
• Apply standard laboratory skills to identify unknown bacteria.
• Describe the properties of the genetic material in bacteria and viruses.
• Explain the role of microorganisms in genetic engineering.
• Examine the role of microorganisms in disease.
• Describe the various strategies used for control of infectious disease.

Prerequisites: Introductory Biology I (BIO 110) and General Chemistry I (CHE 110).

3 hours lecture, 2 hours laboratory each week 4 credits